Syeda Fatima Masooma e Qom(sa)
Image
Father :Imam
Musa al-Kadhim (as) - 7th Imam Mother: Al Khayzran Najma Khatoon
Sister of Imam Reza (as) – 8th
Imam Aunt of
Imam
Mohammed Taqi (as) – 9th Imam
Source: http://www.deviantart.com
The
Holy Lady was born in Madina on the 1st of ZilQada 173 AH (11th
Islamic Month).She
was a lady of great piety, knowledge, wisdom and virtue and her generosity
earned her the title of Kareema-e-Ahlebait, meaning the Munificent
Lady of the Prophets Household.
Death
In
the year 201 AH, she was travelling to Marv, Khorasan to meet her brother the
8th Imam, Imam Ali Reza (as), when her caravan was attacked near
Saveh. She died 17 days later.She
attained martyrdom at the age of 28 on the 10th of Rabi Thani 201
AH in the city of Qom and was subsequently buried there. Her shrine in the city of Qom draws millions
of pilgrims every year, and has transformed this Iranian city
into a prime centre of Islamic learning.
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للَّهُ
أَكْبَرُ 33x سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ 33x
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ 33x
|
Peace be on Adam,
the Choice of Allah! Peace be on Noah, the Prophet of Allah, Peace be on Ibraheem, the Friend of Allah, Peace be on Mosa who spoke to
Allah, Peace be on Isa, the Spirit of Allah. Peace be on you, O Messenger of Allah, Peace be on you, O the best of the
Mankind Peace be on you, O Choice of Allah! Peace be on you. O Mohammed bin
Abdullah, the last of the Prophets! Peace be on you, O Ali bin Abi Talib, Commander of the faithful and the
Successor of the Messenger of Allah.
Peace be on you, O Fatimah, the Leader of the women of the worlds, Peace be on you, O the grandsons of the Prophet of Mercy, and the leaders
of the youth of Paradise |
ASSALAAMO A’LAA
AADMA SAF’WATILLAAHE ASSALAAMO A’LAA NOOHIN-NABIYYILAAHEASSALAMO A’LAA
IBRAAHEEMA KHALEELILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAA
MOOSAA KALEEMILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAA
E’ESAA ROOHILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA RASOOLALLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA KHAYRA KHALQILLAAHE
ASSLAAMO A’LAYKA YAA
SAFEEYALLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA YA
MOHAMMADABNA A’B-DIL-LAAHE KHAATAMIN NABEEYEENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA AMEERAL MOMINEENA A’LIYYABNA ABEE TAALEBIN WASIYYA RASOOLILLAAHE …
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA FAATEMATO SAYYEDATA NESAAA-IL A’ALAMEENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKOMAA
YAA SIBTAY NABIYYIR RAHMATE WA SAYYEDAY SHABAABE AHLIL JANNATE
|
السَّلاَمُ عَلَى آدَمَ صِفْوَةِ اللَّهِ السَّلاَمُ عَلَى
نُوحٍ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ عَلَى
إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ عَلَى
مُوسَى كَلِيمِ اللَّهِ السَّلاَمُ
عَلَى عِيسَى رُوحِ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا
خَيْرَ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا صَفِيَّ اللَّهِ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا
مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ
خَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ
أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَصِيَّ رَسُولِ
اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكُمَا يَا سِبْطَيْ نَبِيِّ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ
سَيِّدَيْ شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّة
|
Peace be on you, O Ali bin Husain, the leader of worshippers, O Coolness of
investigating eyes, Peace be on you, O Mohammed bin Ali, O the explorer of the knowledge Peace be on you, O Jafar bin Mohammed, the truthful the benign, the
trustworthy, Peace be on you, O Mosa bin Jafar, the pure, the purified, Peace be on you, O Ali bin Mosa, the pleased, the gratified, |
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA A’LIYYABNAL HUSAYNE SAYYEDAL A’ABEDEENA WA QURRATA A’YNIN NAAZEREENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA MOHAMMADABNA A’LIYYIN BAAQERAL I’LME BA’DAN-NABIYYEENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA JA’-FARABNA MOHAMMADENIS SAADEQAL BAAAR-RAL AMEENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA MOOSABNA JA’-FARIN AT-TAAHERAT-TUHRA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA A’LIYYABNA MOOSAR REZAL MURTAZAA |
لسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ سَيِّدَ
الْعَابِدِينَ وَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنِ
النَّاظِرِينَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ بَاقِرَ الْعِلْمِ
بَعْدَ النَّبِيِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقَ
الْبَارَّ الْأَمِينَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَر
الطَّاهِرَ الطُّهْرَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا
الْمُرْتَضَى |
Peace be on you, O Mohammed bin Ali, the pious one
Peace be on you, O Ali
bin Mohammed, the pure, the advising guardian, and the trustworthy
Peace be on Hasan bin Ali, Peace be on the successor after him
O Allah, bless your light, the successor and vicegerent of Thy Messenger
and Thy decisive argument over mankind
|
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA YA
MOHAMMADABNA A’LIYYENIT TAQIYYO
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA A’LIYYABNA MOHAMMADENIN NAQIYYAN NAASEHAL AMEENA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKA
YAA HASANAB-NA A’LIYYIN
ASSALAAMO
A’LAL-WASIYYE MIM BA’-DEHI
ALLAAHUMMA SALLE
A’LAA NOOREKA WA SERAAJEKA WA WALLIYE
WALIYYEKA WA WASIYYE
WASIYEKA WA HUJJATEKA A’LAA KHALQEKA |
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ التَّقِيَّ
السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا عَلِيَّ
بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّقِيَّ
النَّاصِحَ الْأَمِينَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكَ يَا حَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ
السَّلاَمُ عَلَى
الْوَصِيِّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ
عَلَى نُورِكَ وَ سِرَاجِكَ وَ وَلِيِّ وَلِيِّك
وَ وَصِيِّ وَصِيِّكَ وَ حُجَّتِكَ
عَلَى خَلْقِكَ
|
Peace be on you, O
daughter of the Messenger of Allah!
Peace be on you, O,
daughter of Fatimah and Khadeejah! Peace be on you, O, daughter of the Commander of the faithful! Peace be on
you, O, daughter of Hasan and Husain! Peace be on you, O, daughter of the vicegerent of Allah! Peace be on you,
O, sister of the vicegerent of Allah! Peace be on you, O, Aunt of the vicegerent
of Allah! Peace be on you, O, daughter of Mosa bin Jafar! May Allah confer His
Mercy and blessing on you!
|
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA BINTA RASOOLILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA BINTA FAATEMATA WA KHADEEJATA
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA BINTA AMEERIL MOMINEENA ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE YAA BINTAL HASANE WAL HUSAYNE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA BINTA WALIYYILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
YAA UKHTA WALLIYILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE YA
A’MMATA WALLIYYILLAAHE
ASSALAAMO A’LAY-KE
YAA BINTA MOOSABNA JA’-FARIN WA RAHMATULLAAHE WA
BARAKAATOHU … |
السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكِ يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا
بِنْتَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ خَدِيجَةَ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا بِنْتَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا بِنْتَ الْحَسَنِ وَ
الْحُسَيْنِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا بِنْتَ وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا أُخْتَ وَلِيِّ
اللَّهِ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكِ يَا
عَمَّةَ وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ يَا بِنْتَ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَ رَحْمَةُ
اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
|
Peace be on you May Allah grant us your companionship on the day of
Judgment and guide us to follow your footsteps and lead us to your grandfather's
fountain and quench our thirst out of it, with Mohammed's own cup in Ali's
hand, Allah bless you All.
|
ASSALAAMO A’LAYKE
A’RRAFALLAAHO BAY-NANAA WA BAYNAKUM FIL JANNATE WA
HASHARANAA FEE ZUM-RATEKUM WA AW-RADANAA HAW-ZA NABIYYEKUM WA
SAQAANAA BEKA-SE JADDEKUM MIYN- YADE A’LIYYIBNE ABEE TAALEBIN SALAWAATULLAAHE
A’LAYKUM |
السَّلاَمُ
عَلَيْكِ عَرَّفَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَكُمْ فِي
الْجَنَّةِ
وَ حَشَرَنَا فِي
زُمْرَتِكُمْ وَ أَوْرَدَنَا حَوْضَ نَبِيِّكُمْ
وَ سَقَانَا بِكَأْسِ جَدِّكُمْ
مِنْ يَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي
طَالِبٍ
صَلَوَاتُ
اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ
|
I ask Allah to grant
us, through you, happiness, ease and your companionship, together with your grandfather on the day of Judgment and not to
deprive us from understanding you. Indeed, He is Protector and Powerful on
everything. |
AS-ALULLAAHA
AYN-YOREYANAA FEEKOMUS-SOROORA WAL FARAJA
WA AYN-YAJMA-A’NAA
WA IYYAAKUM FEE ZUMRATE JADDEKUM
MOHAMMADIN
SALLAALLAALHO A’LAYHI
WA AN LAA YASLOBANAA
MA’-REFATEKUM INNAHU WALIYYUN QADEERUN |
أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُرِيَنَا فِيكُمُ السُّرُورَ وَ
الْفَرَجَ وَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَنَا وَ إِيَّاكُمْ فِي زُمْرَةِ جَدِّكُمْ
مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِه
وَ أَنْ لاَ يَسْلُبَنَا مَعْرِفَتَكُمْ إِنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ قَدِيرٌ
|
O Allah, I seek Thy nearness through my love for you, my enmity for your
enemies
and my surrender to Allah willingly, not arrogantly my acceptance, with
unshaken faith, what He communicated to Mohammed seeking in that Thy Face! Thy satisfaction, and the next world.
|
ATAQARRABO ELALLAAHE
BE HUBBEKUM WAL BARAAA-ATE MIN AA’-DAAA-EKUM
WAT-TAS LEEME ELALLAAHE RAAZEYAN BEHI GHAYRA MUNKERIN WA
LAA MUSTAKBERIN WA A’LAA YAQEENE MAA ATAA BEHI MOHAMMADIN
WA BEHI RAAZIN NATLOBO BEZAALEKA WAJHAKA YAA SAYYEDEE
ALLAAHUMMA WA REZAAKA WAD-DAARAL AAKHERATA |
أَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِحُبِّكُمْ وَ الْبَرَاءَةِ
مِنْ
أَعْدَائِكُمْ
وَ التَّسْلِيمِ إِلَى اللَّهِ رَاضِياً بِهِ غَيْرَ مُنْكِرٍ
وَ لاَ مُسْتَكْبِرٍ وَ عَلَى يَقِينِ مَا أَتَى بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ بِهِ رَاضٍ
نَطْلُبُ بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَكَ يَا سَيِّدِي اللَّهُمَّ وَ رِضَاكَ وَ الدَّارَالْآخِرَةِ
|
O
Fatima! Stand by us when Allah sits in judgment over us, O intimate of
Allah, O Allah, I ask Thee to make my ending happy, and not to take away what you
have given me |
AA
FAATEMA TUSH FAE’E LEE FIL JANNATE FA INNA LAKE I’NDALLAAHE
SHANAAN MENA SH-SHANE ..
ALLAAHUMMA INNE AOKA
AN TAKHTEMA LEE BIS-SA-A’ADATE FALAATASLUB MINNEE
MAAA ANAA FEEHE |
يَا فَاطِمَةُ اشْفَعِي لِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَإِنَّ لَكِ عِنْدَ
اللَّهِ شَأْناً مِنَ الشَّأْنِ
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَخْتِمَ لِي بِالسَّعَادَةِ
فَلاَ تَسْلُبْ مِنِّي مَا أَنَا فِيهِ |
There is neither might nor power but with Allah, the Great, the Exalted. So by Thy generosity, might Mercy and bounteousness, comply with our
supplication, Allah, bless Mohammed, and his pious and pure Progeny and give them
abundant peace! O the most Merciful of the Merciful.
|
YWA LAA HAWLA WALAA QUWWATA ILLAA BILLAAHIL A’LIYIL A’ZEEME
ALLAHUMMAS TAJIB
LANAA WA TAQABBALHO BEKARAMEKA WA I’ZZATEKA WA BE
RAHMATEKA WA A’AFEYATEKA WA SALLAL LAAHO A’LAA MOHAMMADIN WA
AAALEHI AJMAE’ENA WA SALLAMA TASLEEMAN YAA
ARHAMAR RAAHEMEENA |
وَ لاَ حَوْلَ وَ لاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ
الْعَظِيمِ اللَّهُمَّ اسْتَجِبْ لَنَا وَ تَقَبَّلْهُ بِكَرَمِكَ وَ
عِزَّتِكَ وَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ وَ عَافِيَتِكَ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ
سَلَّمَ تَسْلِيماً يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِين
|
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Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) the Blessed and the Gracious Divine
Lady from the Holy Ahlul Bayt(A.S.) was born in the holy city of Medina on the
First Day of the month of Zee Qa'dah 173 A.H. Her holy father was Imam Musa
al-Kazim(A.S.),the Seventh Holy Imam of the Shi'ites and Imam Reza(A.S.),the
Eighth Holy Imam was her elder brother.
Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) was a most learned scholar and very
pious lady and was greatly revered by the Holy Imams(A.S.). She was buried in
the holy city of Qum(Iran) and her holy shrine is every year visited by
millions of the lovers of Holy Ahlul Bayt(A.S.).
She was brought up in a very noble family. She was daughter of the Holy
Imam[Imam Musa al-Kazim (A.S.)], the sister of
the Holy Imam[Imam Reza(A.S.)] and the aunt of the Holy Imam[Imam Muhammad Taqi
al-Jawad(A.S.)]. She was taught all the Islamic sciences by Imam Musa
al-Kazim(A.S.) and Imam Reza(A.S.) and she transmitted Ahadith(traditions) from
them. She became famous as Aalimah(the Learned Lady) and Muhaddithah(the
Learned Lady who transmitted Ahadith).
The traditions quoted by Hadrat Masumah(A.S.) are among the most authentic
traditions which are present in various books of traditions.
She was most pious,noble and reverend lady. Like her holy grand-mother Hadrat
Fatima Zahra (A.S.) she was always busy in performing Salaat(prayers) and maintained
fast on most days. She was greatly respected and revered by her holy father
Imam Musa al-Kazim(A.S.) and her elder brother Imam Reza(A.S.). She become
famous as Masumah(the Immaculate) during her lifetime. Imam Reza(A.S.) has said
about Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) that "Whoever performs the Ziyarah of
'Fatima Masumah' in Qum is like the person who has performed my Ziyarah"
Karimah-i Ahlul
Bayt(A.S.)
Hadrat
Fatima Masumah(A.S.) is also considered as Karimah-i Ahlul Bayt(A.S.) because
she was very kind and gracious. Thousands of miracles have been recorded at the
holy grave of her and the rightful wishes of the believers are fulfilled by her
and incurable patients are miraculously healed by her. Imam Jafar Sadiq(A.S.)
has quoted "By the intercession of Fatima Masumah(A.S.) all my Shias will
enter the paradise”.
Demise of Hadrat Masumah(A.S.)
In the year 200 A.H. a year after the forced migration of Imam Reza(A.S.) from
Medina to Marw in Khurasan by the reigning Abbasid caliph Mamun, Hadrat Masumah
accompanied by her brothers left Medina for Khurasan to meet her elder brother
Imam Reza(A.S.).When they reached Saveh in central Iran they were attacked by the
Abbasid army and many of her brothers were mercilessly martyred. Hadrat
Masumah(A.S.) during her stay in Saveh was poisoned by a lady servant on the
orders of the Abbasid commander.
Hadrat Masumah(A.S.) became severely ill and in this condition she migrated to
Qum where she was warmly welcomed by the Shias of the city. The effect of
poisoning increased during her short stay in Qum and she attained martyrdom on
10th of Rabi al-Thani 201 A.H. Hadrat Masumah(A.S.) had great longing to meet
her brother Imam Reza(A.S.) but due to her sudden death she could not meet him.
Imam Reza(A.S.) was deeply grieved when he came to know about the demise of her
beloved sister Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.).
The Merits of the Ziyarah of Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.)
There are many traditions from the Holy Imams(A.S.) recommending the Shias
to perform the Ziyarah of the holy grave of Hadrat Masumah(A.S.) in the holy
city of Qum.
1-Imam Reza(A.S.) said "Whoever performs the Ziyarah of Fatima
Masumah(A.S.) will be awarded heaven".
2-Imam Muhammad Taqi al-Jawad(A.S.) said"Whoever performs the Ziyarah of
my aunt[Fatima Masumah(A.S.)] in Qum will enter paradise"
3-Imam Reza(A.S.) said" Whoever performs the Ziyarah of 'Fatima
Masumah'with the knowledge of her status will attain paradise.
The Holy Shrine of Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) in Qum.
The construction of the present Bargah (Holy Court) and the holy shrine of
Hadrat Masumah in Qum, was started in the middle of the third century A.H. and
continued during the 4th, 5th, and 6th centuries A.H. (mid 9th century through
12th century A.D.), when it was completed with a dome and vault.
In 447 A.H.,Mir Abul Fazl Iraqi,the Vazier of Tughril Beg constructed a
magnificent dome on the grave of Hadrat Masumah(A.S.) and the height of that
dome was 14 metres.In 925 A.H.,Shah Baigi Begum the daughter of Shah Ismail,the
Safawid ruler of Iran renovated the dome and illuminated it with intrinsic
mosaic tiles.
The holy shrine was greatly expanded during the Safavid period. Shah Ismail
ordered the construction of the northern ivan. During the reign of Shah Tahmasb
I, 939 A.H. (1532A.D.) and Shah Abbas II, 1055 A.H. (1654 A.D.), the buildings
of the (Astaneh) were completed and some important decorative works were
undertaken, which have been continued ever since.
The main structure of the holy shrine consists of the old and new courtyards, a
mirror-decorated ivan, a number of Mu`azin`s cages, a portico, a sepulcher, the
holy burial chamber, the Holy Tomb(Zareeh), Masjid-i-Bala-sar, Ladies Courtyard
(Sahn-i-Zananeh), an ivan,the golden dome, and several golden, silver and
inlaid doors.
There are a number of verse inscriptions in the holy shrine, composed by
Muhtasham Kashani, Fath Ali Khan Saba, and Shurideh Shirazi. The tileworks of
the holy tomb of Hazrat-i-Masumeh, which have been accomplished during the
years 605 to 613 A.H. (1208 to 1218 A.D.), bear the following designs and
colors.
On the tomb, there are 15 pieces of enameled tiles covering a space of 2.95
meters long and 1.20 meters wide. The sides of the tomb are covered with three
kinds of tiles, namely enameled tiles with curved sides, full star-shaped
(Kuakabi) tiles, and enameled tiles on which the latter are installed.
There are three inscriptions on the tomb: the first is a relief inscription in
Naskh style and is vermilion in color; the second, also vermilion, is in Kufic
script;and the third is golden and in Naskh calligraphy. The background is
azure, golden, brown or silver, and is further adorned with various ornamental
motifs.
According to the inscriptions, the tiles of the Holy Sepulcher have been
donated by Muzaffar ibn Ahmad ibn Ismail and the calligraphers Muhammad ibn
Abi-Tahir ibn Abi-Hussain and Abu-Zaid have been responsible for the
inscriptions, the former having also undertaken the manufacturing of the
tiles.
The Holy City of Qum
The holy city of Qum in central Iran, 150 km to the south of Tehran became one
of the first bastions Shi'ism and till the present day is the leading centre of
Islamic seminaries where more than forty thousand scholars and students are
learning Islamic sciences in the numerable Islamic seminaries present in this
holy city. At present about two hundred Islamic research and cultural centres
are active in this holy city.
In the year 83 A.H. the Arabs belonging to the Ash'ari tribe migrated and
settled in this region and laid the foundation of this city.From the beginning
of its establishment the city of Qum became the dwelling place of the Shias and
by the end of first century Hijrah more than 6000 Shias settled in this
city.The Shias of this city revolted against the Umayyad caliphs and after the
inception of the Abbasid caliphate in 132 A.H. they also opposed the Abbasid
caliphs.
In the year 200 A.H. Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) took refuge in this city and
Her Holiness expired in the year 201 A.H. and was buried in this city.The
sacred grave of Hadrat Fatima Masumah(A.S.) became the pilgrimage centre of the
Shias and this city became famous as Qum-i Muqaddas.Since then it also emerged
as a leading Shia learning centre in the world.The holy shrine of Hadrat Fatima
Masumah(A.S.) and the city's reputation as a centre of theological education of
the Shias contributed most to its fame.
The city was patronised by the Shia Buyid(Buwayhid) rulers and during that era
many leading Shia theologians emerged from this city.The holy city of Qum was
also patronised by Timurids,the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu sultans and the
Safawid rulers showed great respect to the holy city of Qum.
During the stay of Ayatullah Abdul Karim Haeri Yazdi in this holy city in the
first half of twentieth century Qum established itself as the leading Shia
theological centre in the world and most of the leading Maraje(the Grand
Ayatullah ) of the Shias reside and teach Islamic sciences to the scholars in
this holy city.
In June1963 Imam Khomeini (R.A.) started Islamic movement against the rule of
Shah from the holy city of Qum.The uprising of people of Qum in January 1978
convulsed the whole of Iran and led to the victory of Islamic revolution and
the establishment of Islamic Republic in Iran in February 1979.
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