On 18th of Dhul-hijjah in 10 A.H. (10 March 632 CE), after completing the last pilgrimage, the Holy Prophet (sawa) along with around 100,000 Muslims reached a place called 'Ghadir-e-Khumm' near Mecca. The following verse was revealed : O Messenger! Deliver what bas been revealed to you from your Lord; and if you do it not, then you have not delivered His message, and Allah will protect you from the people; surely Allah will not guide the unbelieving people. [Quran 5:67]
On receiving the above verse, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) stopped at that very place and delivered a speech an extract of which is as follows:
"..It seems the time has approached when I shall be called away (by Allah) and I shall answer that call. I am leaving for you two precious things and if you adhere to them both, you will never go astray after me.
They are the Book of Allah and my Progeny, that is my Ahlul Bayt. The two shall never separate from each other until they come to me by the Pool (of Paradise)."
Then the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) in an attempt to remind Muslims of his own authority over them said: "Do I not have more right over the believers than what they have over themselves? " Muslims answered unanimously "Yes, O' Messenger of God " This served as a stepping stone for the announcement of his heir and vicegerent.
The Holy Prophet (sawa) held out the hand of Ali (as) and said: "For whoever I am his Leader (Mawla), 'Ali is his Leader (Mawla)."
The Holy Prophet (sawa) then continued to say: " O' God, love those who love him, and be hostile to those who are hostile to him."
allahumma innaka da-‘awtana ila sabeeli ta’atika wa ta’ati nabiyyika wa wasiyyihi wa ‘itratihi
O” my God! You invited us to the path of obeying You, Your Prophet, his Trustee and his household
fa-da’aana nabiyyuka liwasiyyihi yawma ghadeeri khummin
Then Your Prophet of Mercy invited us to follow his Trustee (Imam Ali) on the Day of Ghadir Khum
fa-waffaqtana lilisaabati wa saddad-tana lil ijaabati li-du’aaihi
and You granted us success in choosing the correct path and helped us accept his invitation.
wa liwasiyyihi nufoosana wa lima da-‘awtana ilayhi ‘uqoolana fatamma lana nooruka
and our souls to his Trustee and our intellects to what You invited us to.
يَا هَادِيَ الْمُضِلِّينَ فَتَمَّ لَنَا نُورُكَ
ya hadi-yal mudhilleena fatamma lana nooruka
O’ Guider of the deviated! Please perfect Your Light for us.
akhrijil bughdha wal munkara wal ghuluwwa li-ameenika ameeril momineena wal aimmati min wuldihi min quloobina wa nufoosina wa alsinatina wa humoomina
Please take away from our hearts, souls and tongues and thoughts any hatred, denial or flattery for Your Trusted One – the Commander of the Faithful Ali, and the father of the rest of the Divine Leaders
wa zidna min muwaalatihi wa mahabbatihi wa mawaddatihi lahu wal aimmati mim ba’dihi ziyaadaatin lan-qitaa’a laha wa muddatan la tanaahiya lahaa
Please increase our friendship, love, and affection for him and the Divine Leaders after him such that there is no cessation or end for it.
waj’alnaa nu’aadee liwaliyyika man nasabahu wa nuwaali man ahabbahu wa namulu bi-dhaalika taa-‘atak
Please let us be enemies of his enemies and friends with his friends with our sole intention of this being Your Obedience.
يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ
ya arhamar-rahimeen
O’ the Most Compassionate, Most Merciful
allahumma-j’al ‘adhabaka wa sakhataka ‘alaa man naasaba waliyyaka wa jaahada (wa jahada) imaamatahu wa ankara walaayatahu
O’ my God! Please place Your Punishment and Wrath on whoever is the enemy of Your Friend, denies his Divine Leadership
wa qaddamtahu ayyama fitnatika fi kulli ‘asrin wa zamaanin wa awaanin
rejects his Mastery whom You have reserved for the periods of sedition in all periods, times and eras
إِنَّكَ عَلى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
innaka ‘alaa kulli shayin qadeer
as indeed You have Power over all things.
allahumma bihaqqi muhammadin rasoolika wa ‘aliyyin waliyyika wal aimmati mim ba’dihi hujajika
O’ my God! I ask You for the sake of Your Prophet Muhammad and Your Friend Ali and Your Proofs – the Divine Leaders after him
fa-athbit qalbi ‘alaa deenika wa muwaalaati awliyaaika wa mu’aadati a’adaaika
to establish my heart firmly on Your Religion and the love of Your Friends, and hatred of Your enemies
مَعَ خَيْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ
ma’a khayrid-dunya wal aakhira
along with the good of this world and the Hereafter
tama’uhuma li wa li ahli wa wuldi wa ikhwaaniyal momineen
for me, my wife, children and Muslim brethren
إِنَّكَ عَلى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
innaka ‘alaa kulli shayin qadeer
as indeed You have Power over all things.
Shaikh Abbas Qummi in his Mafatih also quotes Sayyid Ibn Tawus, in al-Iqbal, as saying that a prayer of twelve units with one Taslim statement (i.e. continuous and uninterrupted prayer) should be recited on the Night of Ghadir. However, he has not provided any hadith for reference (and usually a mustahab salat is only 2 Raka). However, if recited, it may be recited with the intention of 'Rija'.
In each of the first 11 units recite Sura Fatiha once, Sura Ikhlaas 10 times and Ayatul Kursi once.
In the 12th unit recite Sura Fatiha and Sura Ikhlaas 7 times each.
There is no God but God. He is One and there are no partners for Him. Sovereignty belongs to Him and Praise belongs to Him. He gives life and causes to die, and He causes to die and He gives life. And He is the Everlasting for Whom there is no death and in His Power is the goodness and He has Power over all things.
Then bow down, then prostrate and say the following ten times in prostration:
Glory be to Him whose Knowledge encompasses everything. Glory be to Him that glorifications befit none but Him. Glory be to the Lord of Favors and Blessings. Glory be to the Lord of Nobility and Bestowals. Glory be to the Lord of Honor and Generosity. I ask You by the juncture of the Might of Your Throne, and the Ultimate Mercy from Your Book. And I ask You by Your Grand Name. and by Your Perfect Words, that You bestow Your Blessings on Your Messenger Muhammad and his Progeny – the Purified, and do such and such things for me. Verily You are the All Hearing, the Responder!
It is recommended to perform Ghusl (ritual bath), wear one's best clean clothes, use perfume, give gifts to momineen and give sadqa.
One dirham that is given as alms on this day to a believer is equal to one thousand dirhams that are given on other days. To offer food to a believer on this day is equal, in reward, to offering food to all the prophets and the veracious people.
It is highly recommended to fast on this day for it erases the sins of sixty years.
It is also reported that the reward of fasting on this day equals that of worship and fasting performed for a period extending from the worlds beginning until the world lasts and is equal to a hundred hajj and a hundred 'umrah.
Recite the following invocaton for Almighty Allah’s protection against Satan from the Holy Prophet (peace and blessing be upon him and his family) as cited by Sayyed ibn Tawus in the Iqbal:
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
In the Name of God, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful
The Name with which the plots of the enemies will not be effective, with which all evil is fended off, and with which anyone who asks will be taken care of.
Offer a two unit salat at any time but preferrably near the time of noon for it was at that hour that the event of Ghadeer took place.
In the first Rakat recite Sura Qadr after Sura Fatihah and in the second Rakat recite Sura Ikhlaas after Sura Fatiha
(It is reported that those who perform this observance recieve the reward of someone who had been present on the day of Ghadeer with the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be on him and his family) and sworn allegiance to him, as regards to the divinely commissioned leadership (wilayah) of Imam `Ali (peace be upon him).
After accomplishment, one should prostrate oneself and thank Almighty Allah one hundred times. Then say the following supplication:
It is recommended to bathe oneself and offer a two unit prayer half an hour before midday. At each unit, one should recite Surah al-Fatihah once, Surah al-Tawhid ten times, Ayah al-Kursi ten times, and Surah al-Qadr ten times.
The reward of practicing this act is equal, in the sight of Almighty Allah, to the rewards of one hundred thousand times of Hajj and one hundred thousand times of `Umrah. Almighty Allah will also grant all the worldly and religious needs of the performer with easiness and good health.
After completion of the prayer it is preferable to recite the following dua:
Our Lord! Forgive us our sins, blot out from us our iniquities, and take to Yourself our souls in the company of the righteous
رَبَّنا وَ آتِنا ما وَعَدْتَنا عَلى رُسُلِكَ وَ لا تُخْزِنا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ
Our Lord! Grant us what You didst promise unto us through Your apostles, and save us from shame on the Day of Judgment: For You never break Your promise.
There is no God but You! O' He who is Worshipped and there is no one else to worship but You. You are Sublime and You are high indeed are You exalted above what the evil-doers say! "Exalted and Great (beyond measure)!"
"Whoever I am the Master of, Ali is the Master of. Whoever I am the Guardian of, Ali is the Guardian of! Whoever I am the Prophet of, Ali is the Commander of!"
Muhammad is Your Servant and Prophet. And Ali is the Commander of the Faithful. You established confessing to His Mastery as the perfection of belief in Your Oneness
You said the following and whatever you say is right. "This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion."
You were pleased with Islam as our Religion due to our master, and perfected Your Blessings with the renewal of Your Promise and Covenant, and its reminder
O' my God! Please damn those who deny God, the deserters, the ones who change, the liars and those who refute - those who lie about the Resurrection Day from the first and the last generations.
O' my God! Praise belongs to You over Your Blessings to us that which You guided us towards friendship with those in charge of Your Affairs after Your Prophet
and the guiding Divine Leaders whom You established as the pillars of the profession of Your Unity, signs of true guidance, pillars of virtue, the most trustworthy strong-holds
O' He who shines in Splendour every day! It was You who completed Your Blessings for us by the Mastery of Your Friends - those to whom Your Servants are responsible,
You Favoured with sincere testimony to the Mastery of Your Friends who are the ones who give good tidings, the ones who warn, and the luminous lanterns.
and said, "When Your Lord drew forth from the Children of Adam - from their loins - their descendants, and made them testify concerning themselves, (saying): "Am I not your Lord (who cherishes and sustains you)?"- They said: "Yea! We do testify!"We bear witness to Your Favor
the Commander of the Faithful Ali ibn Abi Talib - who is Your Servant whom You blessed! You established him as Knowing and Wise in the Mother of the Book that is near You
and bestow Your Blessings on Muhammad and his Progeny, bless us on this day in which You reminded us of Your Promise and Your Covenant! Please complete our religion and perfect Your Blessings for us.
and those with true faith, acknowledsging the Mastery of Your Friends, and disowning Your enemies, the enemies of Your Friends, those who deny God and thos who refute the Day of the Judgment
O' Lord! I ask You for the perfection of the Blessings which You have granted us. Please do not let us be amongst those who oppose and do not let us join those who refute the Day of the Judgment
Please let our lives be the best lives and let our deaths be the best deaths and let our transformations be the best transformations- in love for Your Friends
and disowning from Your Enemies until You take away our lives with You pleased with us: And make our entry into Paradise a sure thing out of Your Mercy
وَ الْمَثْوَى فِي جِوَارِكَ وَ الْإِنَابَةَ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُقَامَةِ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ لا يَمَسُّنا فِيها نَصَبٌ وَ لا يَمَسُّنا فِيها لُغُوبٌ
and let us reside by You and turn to the House of Permanence out of Your Nobility! without and hardship or strenuous efforts theirs
Our Lord! We hear and obey. Our Lord! Please firmly establish our steps amd take to Yourself our souls in the company of the righteous as true Muslims who acknowledge Your Friends
Our Lord! "(they say), "Let not our hearts deviate now after You have guided us, but grant us mercy from Your own Presence; for You are the Grantor of bounties without measure."
O our Lord! We believe in You and we acknowledge Your Prophet: Your Friend and those after Your Prophet are our Guardians. And Your Friend is the master of the believers Ali ibn Abi Talib (God's blessing be upon him) -
So please "Our Lord! Forgive us our sins, blot out from us our iniquities, and take to Yourself our souls in the company of the righteous
رَبَّنا وَ آتِنا ما وَعَدْتَنا عَلى رُسُلِكَ وَ لا تُخْزِنا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ
Our Lord! Grant us what You didst promise unto us through Your apostles, and save us from shame on the Day of Judgment: For You never breakest Your promise."
O‟ our Lord! We believe in You, we are loyal to Your pledge and we acknowledge Your Prophet. We follow those in charge of the affairs after Your Prophet
And favor us by granting us Your Bounties. Please make it a place of sojourn for us, and never take it away and do not let it be a place of departure for us
walshsha'ni walqadri alladhi khasastahuma bihi duna khalqika
and in the name of the stature and standing that You have given exclusively to them rather than Your other creatures,
أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيٍّ
an tusalliya `ala muhammadin wa `aliyyin
to send blessings to Muhammad and `Ali
وَأَنْ تَبْدَأَ بِهِمَا فِي كُلِّ خَيْرٍ عَاجِلٍ
wa an tabda'a bihima fi kulli khayrin `ajilin
and begin with both of them in any immediate item of goodness.
wa fi al'ardi yawma almithaqi alma'khudhi waljam`i almas'uli
and You have named it “the Day of the Exacted Covenant and the Witnessed Crowd” in the earth,
صَلِّ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
salli `ala muhammadin wa ali muhammadin
(please do) send blessings to Muhammad and the Household of Muhammad,
وَأَقْرِرْ بِهِ عُيُونَنَا
wa aqrir bihi `uyunana
give us delight of our eyes through him,
وَٱجْمَعْ بِهِ شَمْلَنَا
wajma` bihi shamlana
reunify us through him,
وَلاَ تُضِلَّنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا
wa la tudillana ba`da idh hadaytana
do not mislead us after You have guided us to the right path,
وَٱجْعَلْنَا لأَنْعُمِكَ مِنَ ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ
waj`alna li'an`umika min alshshakirina
and make us of those who thank Your bounties.
يَا أَرْحَمَ ٱلرَّاحِمِينَ
ya arhama alrrahimina
O most Merciful of all those who show mercy!
Three ziarats can be recited on Ghadeer day,the Long one describing most events in Imam's lifetime , the short one from Iqbal & the famous Ziarat Ameenullah
biwilayati amiri almu'minina wal'a'immati `alayhim alssalamu
to the divinely commissioned leadership and authority of Amir al- Mu'minin and all the Imams, peace be upon them all.
alhamdu lillahi alladhi akramana bihadha alyawmi
All praise be to Allah Who has honored us with this day
وَجَعَلَنَا مِنَ ٱلْمُوفِينَ بِعَهْدِهِ إِلَيْنَا
wa ja`alana min almufina bi`ahdihi ilayna
and included us with those who have fulfilled their promise to Him
وَميثَاقِهِ ٱلَّذِي وَاثَقَنَا بِهِ
wa mithaqihi alladhi wathaqana bihi
and their covenant made with Him;
مِنْ وِلاَيَةِ وُلاَةِ امْرِهِ
min wilayati wulati amrihi
that is the loyalty to His representatives
وَٱلْقَوَّامِ بِقِسْطِهِ
walquwwami biqistihi
and the establishers of His justice.
وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلْجَاحِدينَ
wa lam yaj`alna min aljahidina
He has not made us of the deniers
وَٱلْمُكَذِّبينَ بِيَوْمِ ٱلدِّينَ
walmukadhdhibina biyawmi alddini
and rejecters of the Judgment Day.
The merit of the Eid al-Ghadir Day is too great to be cited. On this day, the deeds of the Shi`ah are admitted and their grievances are relieved. On this day, Prophet Moses (`a) overcame the sorcerers, the fire in which Prophet Abraham (`a) was thrown was made by Almighty Allah comfort and peace, Prophet Moses (`a) appointed Yushua ibn Nun as his successor, Prophet Solomon (`a) declared openly before his people that Asif ibn Barkhiya would be his successor, and the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his famiy) united as brothers his companions; therefore, the believers are advised to form brotherhood with each other on this day.
This fraternization, as is quoted by Shaykh al-Nuri in Mustadrak al-Wasa'il from the book of Zad al-Firdaws, can be practiced by putting the right hand on the brother-in-faith’s right hand and saying the following:
آخَيْتُكَ فِي ٱللَّهِ
akhaytuka fillahi
I declare my brotherhood with you for the sake of Allah,
وَصَافَيْتُكَ فِي ٱللَّهِ
wa safaytuka fillahi
I establish friendly terms with you for the sake of Allah,
وَصَافَحْتُكَ فِي ٱللَّهِ
wa safahtuka fillahi
I shake hands with you for the sake of Allah,
وَعَاهَدْتُ ٱللَّهَ وَمَلاَئِكَتَهُ
wa `ahadtu allaha wa mala'ikatahu
I promise Allah, His angels,
وَكُتُبَهُ وَرُسُلَهُ
wa kutubahu wa rusulahu
His Books, His Messengers,
وَانْبِيَاءَهُ وَٱلائِمَّةَ ٱلْمَعْصُومِينَ
wa anbiya'ahu wala'immata alma`sumina
His Prophets, and the Infallible Imams,
ma khala alshshafa`ata walddu`a'a walzziyarata
except intercession, supplication, and visiting the tombs of the Infallibles.
Similar to this form, al-Muhaddith al-Fayd, in his book of Khulasat al-Adhkar, has mentioned a form of fraternization adding that the other party, or his representative, may accept the fraternization by uttering any statement entailing agreement. Then, each party releases the other from the duties of fraternity except supplication and visiting the tombs of the Infallibles.