Fāṭima bt. al-Imām al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā (a) (Arabic:فاطمة بنت الإمام الحسن) was the wife of Imam al-Sajjad (a) and the mother of Imam al-Baqir (a) who was among captives of the family of Imam al-Husayn (a) after the Tragedy of Karbala.
Teknonyms, Titles, and Position
Family tree of Ahl al-Bayt (a)
Her teknonym was Umm Muhammad[1] or Umm 'Abd Allah[2] or Umm 'Abduh[3] and her title was (mentioned in a hadith as) al-Siddiqa.[4] In a narration, Jabir says that he had seen the names of the mothers of Imams (a) in Sahifa Fatima. In this narration, he has mentioned Umm 'Abd Allah daughter of al-Hasan b. Ali b. Abi Talib as the mother of Imam al-Baqir (a).[5]
Imam al-Baqir (a) said that once his mother pointed to the wall and prevented it from collapsing.[6]
There is no mention of the mother of Umm 'Abd Allah, the time or place of her burial in historical sources.
The marriage of Fatima with 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) cause their children to be descended from Imam al-Hasan (a) on the mother's side and from Imam al-Husayn (a) on their father's side. After this marriage, Imam al-Baqir (a) was known as a Hashimi among Hashimiyyun, an 'Alawi among 'Alawiyyun or a Fatimi among Fatimiyyun.[7] Some sources mentioned 'Abd Allah al-Bahir as her son.[8]
Presence in Karbala
Fatima bt. al-Hasan (a) was present in Karbala and was taken captive together with other people left from the family of Imam al-Husayn (a).[9]
Notes
Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 70. p. 261. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 46, p. 215. Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 8, p. 390. Kulaynī, Uṣūl al-Kāfī, vol. 2, p. 446. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 36, p. 194. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 46, p. 215; Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 2, p. 173. Amīn, Aʿyān al-Shīʿa, vol. 8, p. 390; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 46, p. 215; Qummī, Muntahā l-āmāl, vol. 2, p. 173. Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 5, p. 325; Khoei, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 11, p. 283. Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 70, p. 261.
References
Amīn, al-Sayyid Muḥsin al-. Aʿyān al-Shīʿa. Edited by Ḥasan Amīn. Beirut: Dār al-Tʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, [n.d]. Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, [n.d]. Ibn ʿAsākir, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan. Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq. Edited by ʿAlī Shīrī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH. Khoei, Sayyid Abū l-Qāsim al-. Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth. Najaf: Muʾassisat al-Khoei al-Islāmīyya, [n.d]. Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Uṣūl al-Kāfī. Tarjuma-yi Ḥasan Ḥasanzāda Amulī. Qom: Qāʾim Āl-i Muḥammad, 1387 Sh. Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Edited by a group of authors. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, [n.d]. Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿala l-ʿibād. Edited by Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt. Qom: al-Muʾtamar al-ʿĀlamīyya li-alfīya al-Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1372 Sh. Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Muntahā l-āmāl. Qom: Muʾassisat Intishārāt-i Hijrat, [n.d]. Source https://en.wikishia.net/view/Fatima_bt._al-Imam_al-Hasan_(a)
Shrine in Hilla
Her holy shrine lies in Hilla city in Babylon province and is visited by thousands of pilgrims monthly. She is well-known for curing the ill by the blessings of Allah Almighty, hence pilgrims visit her holy shrine to receive blessings and pray for their sick loved ones to recover and be treated soon. Shareefa, or Al-Uluweeya al-Shareefa never turns down a pilgrim praying for his recovery at her holy shrine.
The story of the first shrine that was built for her in the 40s of the last century, is reported to be connected to a tobacco merchant at the time of the ottomans empire rule over the area (some report that it was during the British rule of the rejoin). Tobacco was banned (probably heavily restricted to be traded by the licensed government outlets or so) at some point in their rule. The merchant was fleeing from the authorities that were chasing him, and he happened to pass by the shrine while carrying the sack of goods. At the time, the shrine was merely a shed like structure that was built with palm tree logs and a simple flat roof. He went in to hide and vowed to Sayidah Shareefa, if she granted his prayer of escaping without harm, he would build a proper shrine with a dome. The authorities eventually caught up to him and detained him. When they asked him what was in the sacks, he said sesame seeds. They doubted him and opened the sacks to find it was really sesame seeds. The merchant saw this and though that he was tricked at he place that he bought the tobacco, but didn’t say anything. When his detainers left him and went on with their business, he opened the sack to find that it was tobacco. He fulfilled his vow and built the first known shrine for her grave at that time.
