An introduction to second infallible - Hazrat Imam Ali ibn AbuTalib(as)
 
Birth
On the 13th of the month of Rajab, twenty-three years before the migration of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) a child was born in the family of Abu Talib, the light of whom kindled the whole World. Kunaab Mecci narrates about his birth: "We and Abbas (Ibne Abdul Mutalib) were sitting together when suddenly we saw Fatima bint-e-Asad moving towards the Kaabah in the condition having delivery pain and saying "Oh God I have faith in you and the Prophet ( i.e., Abraham) who by your command laid the foundation of this house. O God! I swear you by the same Prophet (P.B.U.H.) and swear you by the child in my womb make this birth comfortable and easy for me."
This was the time when all of us saw with our own eyes that the wall of Kaabah broke apart and Fatima bint-e-Asad entered into the Kaabah. Then the wall again united.
We ran terrified and trembling to our houses to send our women into the Kaabah for the help and assistance of Fatima. We did our best but the door did not open. This event surprised all the people of Mecca.
The women of Mecca were anxiously counting moments to meet Fatima till the time she came out of the Kaabah along with a beautiful baby, saying, "God has chosen me from among the ladies of Mecca and He made me His guest in His house and gave me meals and fruits of the heaven to eat.
The ladies who were surrounding her in the form of a circle and escorting her to her home asked her, "What name have you given to this child?"
She said: "When I was in the Kaabah, I heard a hidden voice call," Name this child "ALI".
Yes! We are talking about Ali (A.S.) the pious man whose childhood and infancy period lasted in such a pure and chaste way that he himself stated in Nahjul Balaghah, "The Prophet (P.B.U.H.) used to pick me in his lap and embrace me and chew the food and put it into my mouth.
Early Youth
Ali Ibne Abi Talib describes this enlightening period of his age as under: The Prophet (P.B.U.H.) used to go the Cave of Hira but nobody except he (P.B.U.H.) and I did know about it. At the time when the religion of Islam had not yet reached the homes, he ( P.B.U.H.) and his wife Khatija were the only Muslims. I was the next person to them who saw the light of revelation and prophet hood and smelled the fragrance of the Prophet hood.
When the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) of Islam was ordered by God to invite his family members to embrace Islam Ali ( A.S.) according to the advice of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) invited forty persons of the Prophet's family at his home. Although the food was quite little but all of them ate fully well. After the meal was over the Prophet (P.B.U.H .) spoke to those present saying, "Oh the sons of Abdul Mutalib, God has ordered me to invite you to embrace Islam and get you introduced to it."
Whosoever, having believed in my Prophet hood, promises to help and assist me shall be my brother, deputy and successor and my caliph.
He repeated this sentence thrice but no one except "Ali (A.S.)" gave a positive response. As many time as the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) addressed the persons present, nobody except Ali (A.S.) answered. Ali (A.S.) was rising again and again to his feet and promising help to him and announcing his faith.

Photo Evidence at the kaaba of his birth is at http://www.basma.us/site/true_islam/kaaba/yemeni_corner_of_kaaba.php

Youth
This is the very reason why the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) said: "This Ali, is my brother and successor listen and lend ears to what he says and obey his orders." When Ali (A.S.) entered from his early youth into the phase of puberty, the part of age when all the human energies and powers are strong and firm, even in this part of the life he remained closely associated to the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) like a flying moth which moves around the Candle. He defended Islam and the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) with his strong, energetic arms.
When the enemy besieged and surrounded the Muslims in the battle of Hunain and they abandoned and left behind the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) running away for their lives, it was only and only Ali (A.S.) who defended and saved the Prophet (P.B.U.H .) and made the enemies retreat and take to their heals.
Ali (A.S.) killed Marhab the chief of army of Jews in the Khyber battle, whose power and bravery was making everybody tremble but Ali (A.S.) cut him into two and pulled apart the gate of the Khyber fort which used to be opened and closed by twenty men together. Ali ( A.S.) used it as a bridge over the trench for the Islamic army to cross over to the Khyber fort. Many such events are the specimens and evidences about the faith, and spirit of self-sacrifice and devotion of Ali (A.S.).
Self-Sacrifice and Devotion
There is no doubt to it that every body loves his soul and very rarely gets ready to sacrifice it for another person but because of the fact that Ali (A.S.) loved the soul of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) even more than his own one, he got prepared to lay his life for him.
The event takes shape like this. When the polytheists saw that they are in danger, they jointly made a firm determination to take the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) by surprise and martyr him. So all of them gathered in "Dar un Nadva" and choose one person from each family so that every tribe gets involved in getting Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) killed and then no one could take the revenge of him.
The Prophet (P.B.U.H.) had come to know about this conspiracy through revelation. God ordered him (P.B.U.H.) to migrate from Mecca in the darkness of the night. The Prophet (P.B.U.H.) needed someone, prepared to sacrifice his life and must be a trustworthy secret holder.
Hence, there was no one else except Ali (A.S.) in whom he confided, and told him "God has informed me that the infidels will break through the house to kill me so today you sleep on my bed." Ali (A.S.) smilingly accepted it.
Then the time came when the darkness of the night covered everything and Ali (A.S.) was sleeping on the Prophet's (P.B.U.H.) bed calmly and peacefully and the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) came out of his house and started proceeding towards the Cave of Saur. The infidels besieged the house and got prepared with their swords and spears to attack it. The sooner they were instructed to make it, they break through the house rushing with naked swords. But when they found Ali ( A.S.) laying on the bed of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) they immediately moved out of the house desperate and astonished, and sent a few horsemen to search the Prophet (P.B.U.H.). But not very long afterwards they too returned defeated and hopeless.

1. Siding with the masses
Ali (A.S.), with all the difficulties that he had to face, used to personally attend the affairs and works. He would get himself informed about the problems of the people. He did not drive away his enemies due to personal enmities. So far so that he used to give them their rights from the bait-ul-mal (Islamic treasury). Moreover, he did not give any privileges to his friends due to their friendship. He continuously used to order his officials and workers to have a conduct of justice with the people and if he observed any misdeed or misconduct of his subordinates and workers he did not spare them. So when one of the ladies known as Sooda approached him for justice, he was then offering his prayers. He shortened his prayer and smilingly greeted her and asked, "What is it that you want?"
With tears rolling on her face, Sooda complained about the tax officer and his excesses.
He, in the same standing condition of his prayers, wept and said: "Oh God be a witness that I have not ordered them to commit excesses and aggressions against your slaves."
He at once picked up a skin piece and jotted down the dismissal order of his official and gave it to Sooda to take it to him as soon as possible.
Another day he received the information that son of Hunaif (the Governor of Basra) made himself present on a very colorful, richly provisioned dinner table of one of the nobles and notables and possibly the blood thirsty and cruel chance seekers and opportunists may make the most of his political station and position.
He got seriously annoyed and reprimanded him for this act of his and wrote him a letter saying. "I have heard that you joined a richly provisioned (colorful) dinner table which the poor were not allowed to join. Be aware! That I am your Imam, leader and chief if I wish and am inclined to it I can lay hand and provide myself with the best food but I will not do such a thing because it is possible that there might be some hungry people in the nooks and corners of my country who go to sleep with empty stomachs. I have contented myself with a simple dress and small quantity of food, which is bread and dates, from this world of yours. Although you can not do this, which I practice but try it that your way and path is not segregated from that of mine."
He, through this letter, gave him a good advice and exhortation and reminded him about his duty. Imam Ali (A.S.) lived his life with such a justice and equity that when Muawiyah a staunch and extreme enemy of Ali ( A.S.) met one of his companions "Addi-bin-Hatim" and asked him, "How did you find Ali (A.S.) during his reign and rule?"
He replied, "The oppressive and coercive ones did not have the courage of oppression during his reign and the weak ones always took benefit from his justice and never allowed disappointment find its way towards them. So that he repeatedly used to say, "Is it right and just that people consider and think I am their leader and Imam but I do not share their difficulties and hardships?"
Still again, we read in the history that one day the governors accompanied by his old friend Ibn-e-Abbas came to see him.
They saw their leader repairing and mending his shoes. Ali (A.S.) turned his face towards them and said, "What do you think is the price of this shoe?" They replied, "It value is not much. It cann't be more than a few Dirhams."
He said, "By Lord this post that I have got, if I could not make use of it in connection with the salvation and safety of the poor, have not and arresting and stopping the cruelties or restoration of the right and truth, then for me it's value would be lesser than this shoe."

Full detais about Ghadir event with scanned book evidences click HERE 

How did Ali (A.S.) get the Government?
The opportunists, who had embraced Islam for the sake of seeking power and made themselves, move along on the path of Prophet (P.B.U.H.), held confidential and secret meetings to oust the caliphate from the family of Bani Hashim. They were counting days to achieve their ends and to put into practical shape what they had planned to do, because they were aware that they are face to face with a person whose past services for Islam are not hidden and are clear to everybody. The Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) had made a plenty of recommendations about him and particularly invited all to swear in an oath of allegiance for him. After the death of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.), all the plans were put into practice and materialized one after the other. So that Ali ( A.S.) became all alone, and did not have any alternative except remaining silent. For, he only thought of Islam and did not pay any attention towards his post and station. And had he drawn the sword then the only desire of his enemies would have taken practical shape, that is to say, no sign of Islam would have been left back.
The silence of Ali (A.S.) and Fatima Zahra (A.S.) and the immoralities and irregularities of the previous power seekers, particularly the cruelties and excesses of the officials and agents of the Bani Ommayides dynasty, whose influence had gone up during the regime of third Caliph Usman, had made the people aware and all of them knew that the Islamic Caliphate had turned into the stage of political actors and stooges and what God and the Prophet ( P.B.U.H.) had meant was quite different from those things.
Resultantly the displeasure and dissatisfaction of people reached it's climax and the spark of revolution was kindled in the hearts of the people, which erupted like a volcano, so that, no one had the means and power to resist and stand up to it. People attacked the house of Usman in the shape of a flood, showing camel like anger and grudge, a camel who throws foam out of its mouth due to anger. These out numbered and countless people, who made the attack, killed him.
People were so enraged and furious that they even did not pay any attention and notice to Imam Hasan ( A.S.) and Imam Hussain (A.S.) who were sent by Imam Ali (A.S.) to prevent Usman from being slain. Imam Hassan (A.S.) was injured in this disturbance.
People rushed towards Ali's (A.S.) house with blood dripping out of their swords and they were burning with fever and fervor of excitement and commotion. They insistently and requesting dragged him out and took the oath of allegiance and chose him as their leader and ruler.

Martyrdom of Ali (A.S.)
After the battle of Neherwan was over, group of Khwarij daily held a meeting in Mecca and wept over their dead, those killed in Neherwan. One day, they told each other, "Sitting here and weeping is of no use. We should kill these three persons Ali ( A.S.), Muawiyah and Amro Aas, who destroyed the Islamic State and killed our brothers."
They invited three volunteers to perform these errands. Ibn-e-Muljim stood and said, "I will kill Ali (A.S.)." Hajjaj bin Abdullah, under took killing Muawiyah and Amro bin Bakr Taimeemi said, "I will kill Amro Aas." The three of them made a commitment together that they would materialize their plan on the 19th of Ramadan. Then, each one of them moved towards the place of his mission, so that they reach there and wait for the date, which was fixed.
But alas, the other two did not succeed in achieving there end, whereas, Ibn-e-Muljim did succeed. Ibn-e-Muljim came to Kufa and contacted the enemies of Ali (A.S.) and lived in their house till the 19th of Ramadan approached. One day Ali (A.S.) came across him in the streets of Kufa. He wanted to hide himself. But Ali ( A.S.) said, "I know for what purpose you have come to Kufa."
As soon as Ibn-e-Muljim heard these words, he trembled and his legs could no more carry him. He said to Ali (A.S.), "Oh Ali (A.S.) when it is so (that you know) release the orders of my being killed or put me in the prison or banish me off. Ali ( A.S.) had a look upon him and said, "Although I can put into practice each one of your suggestions, but Islam does not deem pre-crime punishment, fair. So I am obliged to let you go free. Perhaps you may repent upon your decision.
At last, on the 19th of Ramadan of the 40th Hijra the son of Muradi opened apart Ali's (A.S.) head and the mountain of faith and piety tumbled and crumbled down making the world of Islam mournful.
After Ali (A.S.) cried on the prayer place (when injured), "By the God of Kaabah I have succeeded." The haven's angel Jabriel shouted, "By God, the pillars of guidance are demolished. Ali ( A.S.) has been martyred."
People rushed out of their houses and arrested the killer of Ali (A.S.) and handed him over to Imam Hassan (A.S.), and carried Ali (A.S.) with a blood stained face to his house.
Imam Hassan (A.S.) imprisoned the killer and informed his father about it.
Imam Ali (A.S.) told his son, "Oh Son! This man who is my killer and he is your prisoner, look after his food and water and do not molest him. If I survive I know what to do with him and if I die then do not strike him but one blow."
Alas, Ali (A.S.) did not survive for this ummah. He passed away on the 21st of Ramadan at the age of 63 years. His pure body was burried secretly at Najaf (Iraq).

 
Hazrat Imam Ali Ibn e Abi Talib a.s according to Hadith's of Prophet Hazrat Muhammad s.a.w .

The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the door of servitude, and whoever passes through that door is a true believer." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori; Kenz Al-Omal, 6/156; Al-Dilmi.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the Imam of goodness, the fighter against iniquity, the helper of those who come to his aid, and the deserter of those who desert him." Kenz Al-Omal, 6/153; Al-Darqatani.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the Imam of the pious, the prince of believers, and the leader of the resplendent." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/129; Kenz Al-Omal, 6/153.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is to me what Haroun was to Musa." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/137; Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 65, 104; Al-Tabarani; HAliyat Al-Awliya', 1/63; Akhtab Khawarizm, 229.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) holds a right over this nation like the right of a father over his son." Muslim, 2/361; Al-Tirmidhi, 2/299; Al-Hakim, 3/130; Musnad Ahmad, 3/198; Al-Nisa'i, 7; Asad Al-Ghaba, 3/40.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is with the Qur'an, and the Qur'an is with Ali." Al-Bukhari, 5/19; Muslim, 2/360; Al-Tirmidhi, 5/304; Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/109; Ibn Majah, 1/28; Musnad Ahmad, 3/328.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) and his shi^a are the successful ones." Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 47; Mizan Al-^Itidal, 2/313.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the door of my knowledge, and the one who will clarifies for my nation that which I was sent with." Tafsir Al-Tabari, 3/171; Shawahid Al-Tanzil, 2/356; Al-Darr Al-Manthour, 6/379; Yanabi^ Al-Mawda, 61.
The Prophet (s) said, "Love for Ali (a) is faith, and hatred for Ali is hypocrisy." Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 67; Al-Khawarizmi, 236; Fara'id Al-Samateen; Yanabi^ Al-Mawda.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the partition between Heaven and Hell." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/127; Kenz Al-Omal, 5/30; Al-Jami^ of Al-Suyuti, 1/374; Al-Tirmidhi; Ibn Maghazeli, 80.
The Prophet (s) said, "The position of Ali (a) amongst the people is like Surat Qul Hu Allahu Ahad in the Qur'an." Muslim, 1/48; Al-Tirmidhi, 2/299; Al-Nisa'i, 27; Musnad Ahmad, 6/299; Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 191.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the beloved between two friends, myself and Ibrahim." Yanabi^ Al-Mawda, 88; Fara'id Al-Samateen; Bea^ Al-Abrar; Moniq Ibn Ahmad Al-Khawarizmi.
The Prophet (s) said, "Whoever splits with Ali (a) has split with me, and whoever splits with me has split with God." Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 45; Yanabi^ Al-Mawda, 181.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is from me and I am from him, and he is the protector of every true believer after me." Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 69; Yanabi^ Al-Mawda, 125.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) is the most beloved of God and His Prophet in all of creation." Kenz Al-Omal, 5/33; Al-Riyadh Al-Nudhra, 2/211; Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 219.
The Prophet (s) said, "Mentioning Ali (a) is a form of worship, and looking upon him is a form of worship." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/123; Kenz Al-Omal, 6/156; Al-Tabarani; Ibn Al-Maghazeli, 240, 278; Al-Khawarizmi, 62.
The Prophet (s) said, "Love for Ali (a) is a good deed, so don't ruin it with bad deeds." Al-Tabarani; Yanabi^ Al-Mawda, 2/3.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) holds the position of the Ka^aba." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/122; Musnad Ahmad, 3/82; Al-Tabarani, 6/155; Kenz Al-Omal.
The Prophet (s) said, "Ali (a) stands in relation to me as my head to my body." Mustadrak Al-Sahihain of Al-Hakim Al-Nisabori, 3/141; Al-Jami^ of Al-Suyuti, 1/583; Tarikh Baghdad of Al-Khateeb Al-Baghdadi, 1/51; HAliyat Al-Awliya', 1/182; Al-Riyadh Al-Nudhra, 2/219.
The Prophet (s) said, "Oh, Ali, Jibreel has informed me that God has married you to Fatima." Manaqib Al-Imam Ali from Al-Riyadh Al-Nudhra, p. 141.
The Prophet (s) said, "Oh, Ali, God has commanded me to marry you to Fatima."Al-Sawaiq Al-Muhariqa,. ch. 4, p. 142; Dakha'ir Al-Uqubi, p. 30 & 31; Tadhkirat Al-Khawas, p. 276; Manaqib Al-Imam Ali from Al-Riyadh Al-Nudhra, p. 141; Nur Al-Absar, p. 53.
The Prophet (s) said, "Verily, God married Ali to Fatima."Al-Sawaiq Al-Muhariqa, p. 173.
The Prophet (s) said, "The first people to enter Paradise will be Ali and Fatima."Nur Al-Absar, p. 52; related by similar wording in Kenz Al-Omal, v. 13, p. 95.
The Prophet (s) said, "The verse of purification was revealed concerning five people: myself, Ali, Hassan, Hussein, and Fatima."Is^af Al-Raghibeen, p. 116; Sahih Muslim, Kitab Fadha'il Al-Sahaba.
The Prophet (s) said, "Fatima is more beloved to me than you, oh Ali, and you are dearer to me than her."Majma^ Al-Zawa'id, v. 9, p. 202; Al-Jami^ Al-Sagheer, v. 2, p. 654, n. 5761; Muntakhab Kenz Al-Omal, v. 5, 97; Asad Al-Ghaba, v. 5, p. 522; Yanabi^ Al-Mawadda, v. 2, ch. 56, p. 79; Al-Sawaiq Al-Muhariqa, ch. 3, p. 191

Nahjulbalagaha A book of sermons & letters by Imam Ali(as)

Sahifa Alavia - Dua book by Imam Ali as

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